Clin Osteol 2015; 20(4): 139-143

Mitochondrial DNA, oxidative stress and bone metabolismOriginal contributions

P. Molnárová, V. Palička

Mitochondrial DNA encodes the genes of oxidative phosphorylation for complexes I-IV. Mitochondriae are the place of implemen­ tation of the electron transport chain and therefore are the main producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with most of them being formed with participation of complexes I and III (NADH-coenzyme Qoxidoreductase and Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase). Increased oxidative stress has a negative effect on bone metabolism, bone-forming osteoblasts as well as osteoclasts degrading the bone tissue, and may lead to the development of osteoporosis and other bone diseases. Mitochondrial gene mutations and lowered mitochondrial DNA copy numbers are associated with the development of osteoporosis and other bone diseases. Epigenetics of mitochondrial DNA has been a subject of research since 2011 when methylation of mitochondrial DNA as well as the presence of DNA methyltransferases in mitochondria were first discovered. Currently, the effects of these changes and associations with other diseases are investigated.

Keywords: mitochondrial DNA, DNA methylation, oxidative stress, osteoporosis

Published: December 11, 2015  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Molnárová P, Palička V. Mitochondrial DNA, oxidative stress and bone metabolism. Osteologický bulletin. 2015;20(4):139-143.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Greaves LC, Reeve AK, Taylor RW, Trunbull DM. Mitochondrial DNA and di­ sease. J Pathol 2012; 274-286. Go to original source...
    2. Almeida M, O'Brien C. Basic Biology of Skeletal Aging: Role of Stress response pathways. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 1197-1208. Go to original source...
    3. Taylor RW, Turnbull DM. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in human disease. Nat Rev Genet 2005; 389 402. Go to original source...
    4. Shokolenko IN. Aging: A mitochondrial DNA perspective, critical analysis and an update. World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2014; 4(4):46. Go to original source...
    5. Trounce I, Byrne E, Marzuki S. Decline in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respira­ tory chain function: possible factor in ageing. Lancet 1989; 1(8639):637-639. Go to original source...
    6. Yen TC, Chen YS, King KL, Yeh SH, Wei YH. Liver mitochondrial respiratory functions decline with age. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 165(3): 944-1003. Go to original source...
    7. Trifunovic A, Larsson NG. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a cause of ageing. J Intern Med 2008; 263(2):167-178. Go to original source...
    8. Almeida M, O'Brien CA Basic biology of skeletal aging: role of stress response pathways. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 68(10):1197-1208. Go to original source...
    9. lacobazzi V, Castegna A, Infantino V, Andria G. Mitochondrial DNA methylation as a next-generation biomarker and diagnostic tool. Mol Genet Metab 2013; 110(1-2):25-34. Go to original source...
    10. Infantino V, Castegna A, Iacobazzi F, Spera I, Scala I, Andria G, Iacobazzi V. Impairment of methyl cycle affects mitochondrial methyl availability and glu­ tathione level in Down's syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2011; 102(3):378-382. Go to original source...
    11. Shock LS, Thakkar PV, Peterson EJ, Moran RG, Taylor SM. DNA methyltransfe­ rase 1, cytosine methylation, and cytosine hydroxymethylation in mammalian mi­ tochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011; 108(9):3630-3635. Go to original source...
    12. Bellizzi D, D'Aquila P, Scafone T, Giordano M, Riso V, Riccio A, Passarino G. The control region of mitochondrial DNA shows an unusual CpG and non-CpG methylation pattern. DNA Res 2013; 20(6):537-547. Go to original source...
    13. van der Wijst MG, Rots MG. Mitochondrial epigenetics: an overlooked layer ofre­ gulation? Trends Genet 2015; 31(7):353-356. Go to original source...
    14. Manev H, Dzitoyeva S. Progress in mitochondrial epigenetics. Biomol Concepts 2013; 4(4):381-389. Go to original source...
    15. Kalani A, Kamat PK, Voor MJ, Tyagi SC, Tyagi N. Mitochondrial epigenetics in bone remodeling during hyperhomocysteinemia. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 395(1-2):89-98. Go to original source...
    16. Bogenhagen DF. Mitochondrial DNA nucleoid structure. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms 2012; 1819(9-10):914-920. Go to original source...
    17. Ghosh S, Singh KK, Sengupta S, Scaria V. Mitoepigenetics: The different shades of grey. Mitochondrion 2015; 25:60-66. Go to original source...
    18. Barrey E, Saint-Auret G, Bonnamy B, Damas D, Boyer O, Gidrol X. PremicroRNA and mature microRNA in human mitochondria. PLoS One 2011; 6(5):e20220. Go to original source...
    19. Duarte FV, Palmeira CM, Rolo AP. The Role of microRNAs in Mitochondria: Small Players Acting Wide. Genes (Basel) 2014; 5(4):865-886. Go to original source...
    20. Shokolenko IN, Wilson GL, Alexeyev MF. Aging: A mitochondrial DNA per­ spective, critical analysis and an update. World J Exp Med 2014; 46-57. Go to original source...
    21. Lane RK, Hilsabeck T, Rea SL. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in age-re­ lated diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta 2015; 1847(11):1387-1400. Go to original source...
    22. Rigoulet M, Yoboue ED, Devin A. Mitochondrial ROS generation and its regula­ tion: mechanisms involved in H(2)O(2) signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14(3):459-468. Go to original source...
    23. Almeida M. Aging mechanisms in bone. Bonekey Rep 2012; 1. Go to original source...
    24. Hegedus C, Robaszkiewicz A, Lakatos P, Szabo E, Virag L. Poly(ADP-ribose) in the bone: from oxidative stress signal to structural element. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 82:179-86. Go to original source...
    25. Schroder K. NADPH oxidases in bone homeostasis and osteoporosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72(1):25-38. Go to original source...
    26. Almeida M. Aging and oxidative stress: A new look at old bone. IBMS Bone Key 2010; 7(10):340-352. Go to original source...
    27. Manolagas SC. From estrogen-centric to aging and oxidative stress: a revised per­ spective of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Endocr Rev 2010; 31(3):266-300. Go to original source...
    28. Filaire E, Toumi H. Reactive oxygen species and exercise on bone metabolism: friend or enemy? Joint Bone Spine 2012; 79(4):341-346. Go to original source...
    29. Cervellati C, Bonaccorsi G, Cremonini E, Romani A, Fila E, Castaldini MC, Ferrazzini S, Giganti M, Massari L. Oxidative Stress and Bone Resorption Interplay as a Possible Trigger for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Bio Med Research International 2014; 2014:8. Go to original source...
    30. Garrett IR, Boyce BF, Oreffo RO, Bonewald L, Poser J, Mundy GR. Oxygen-de­ rived free radicals stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption in rodent bone in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Invest 1990; 85(3):632-639. Go to original source...
    31. Callaway DA, Jiang JX. Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in osteoclastogenesis, skeletal aging and bone diseases. J Bone Miner Metab 2015; 33(4): 359-370. Go to original source...
    32. Baek KH, Oh KW, Lee WY, Lee SS, Kim MK, Kwon HS, Rhee EJ, Han JH, Song KH, Cha BY, Lee KW, Kang MI. Association of oxidative stress with postmeno­ pausal osteoporosis and the effects of hydrogen peroxide on osteoclast formation in human bone marrow cell cultures. Calcif Tissue Int 2010; 87(3):226-235.
    33. Lagouge M, Larsson NG. The role of mitochondrial DNA mutations and free ra­ dicals in disease and ageing. J Intern Med 2013; 273(6):529-543. Go to original source...
    34. Guo Y, Yang TL, Liu YZ, Shen H, Lei SF, Yu N, Chen J, Xu T, Cheng Y, Tian Q, Yu P, Deng HW. Mitochondria-wide association study of common variants in osteoporosis. Ann Hum Genet 2011; 75(5):569-574. Go to original source...
    35. Kim JH, Lee DC. Mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood is associ­ ated with femoral neck bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Rheumatol 2012; 39(7):1465-1472. Go to original source...
    36. Yu M, Wan Y, Zou Q. Reduced mitochondrial DNA copy number in Chinese pa­ tients with osteosarcoma. Transl Res 2013; 161(3):165-171. Go to original source...

    Return to the content


    Clinical Osteology

    Madam, Sir,
    please be aware that the website on which you intend to enter, not the general public because it contains technical information about medicines, including advertisements relating to medicinal products. This information and communication professionals are solely under §2 of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. Is active persons authorized to prescribe or supply (hereinafter expert).
    Take note that if you are not an expert, you run the risk of danger to their health or the health of other persons, if you the obtained information improperly understood or interpreted, and especially advertising which may be part of this site, or whether you used it for self-diagnosis or medical treatment, whether in relation to each other in person or in relation to others.

    I declare:

    1. that I have met the above instruction
    2. I'm an expert within the meaning of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. the regulation of advertising, as amended, and I am aware of the risks that would be a person other than the expert input to these sites exhibited

    No
    Yes

    If your statement is not true, please be aware
    that brings the risk of danger to their health or the health of others.