Pathophysiology of bone quality changes in obese diabetics

Fröhlich Mária; Jackuliak Peter; Smaha Juraj; Payer Juraj

Clin Osteol 2021; 26(2): 80-88

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis are the predominant diseases worldwide and are associated with significant prevalence, morbidity and mortality. The main goal of this work is to determine the importance of the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis, as well as to confirm the possible negative effect on bone tissue and at the same time to prove changes in bone microarchitecture. Complications associated with diabetes may increase the risk of falls and thus adversely affect bone tissue, as well as DM treatment with antidiabetics and insulin alone may contribute to the alteration of bone material by either a direct...

Musculoskeletal changes in hypothyroidism

Kyselovič Michal, Petričko Michal, Kužma Martin, Jackuliak Peter, Killinger Zdenko, Payer Juraj

Clin Osteol 2021; 26(2): 89-93

Primary hypothyroidism has a significant impact on disorders of all organ systems, including the muscular system and body composition. The aim of this article is to describe main pathoanatomical and pathophysiological changes in the muscular system of patients with primary hypothyroidism and differences in body composition between hypothyroid and euthyroid population. Thyroid hormone deficiency symptoms are termed as hypothyroid myopathy. The emergence of these symptoms can be often caused by insuficient monitoring or lack of treatment of patients with hypothyroidisim. Myoedema can be a common manifestation, but it is often forgotten in clinical practice....

Intramedullar reosteosynthesis of distal femoral periprosthetic fractures

Ševcech Boris; Vajczíková Silvia; Šteňo Boris

Clin Osteol 2021; 26(2): 94-97

Solution of distal femoral periprosthetic fractures is becoming more actual topic among orthopedic surgeons. Considering the degree of difficulty majority of publications are targeted to cases they succeed. Failed cases of treatment are usually mentioned only in case report form. Most widely used is osteosynthesis with modern plate implants. Increasing amount of patients that undergo surgery is associated with adequate complication increase. Failure of osteosynthesis is the standard indication for revision total knee arthroplasty, tumorous or custom made implants. Care should be taken for indications because of severity of the surgery, age, associated...

Atraumatic heterotopic ossification after pulmonary failure and prolonged mechanical ventilation: case report

Jr Kloc Ján, Šteňo Boris, Sr Kloc Ján

Clin Osteol 2021; 26(2): 98-102

Heterotopic ossification is well-described, often complication after musculoskeletal trauma, surgery and neurotrauma. We present a patient who developed heterotopic ossification of hip joints with bony ankylosis after prolonged artificial pulmonary ventilation because of pulmonary failure after H1N1 pneumonia. Atraumatic heterotopic ossification occurs in critically ill patients after mechanical ventilation, including patients with COVID-19 disease. We consider imobilization and artificial pulmonary ventilation as a possible causal factors of heterotopic ossification. Early diagnosis and implementation of potentional preventive and therapeutical tools,...

Significance and characteristics of selected genes in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis

Avuková Buriková Andrea, Blaščáková Mydlárová Marta, Poráčová Janka, Tomková Soňa, Hricová Katarína, Petrejčíková Eva

Clin Osteol 2021; 26(2): 68-78

Osteoporosis is a complex disease affected not only by environmental factors but also by a strong genetic component. Genetic factors contribute to osteoporosis by affecting not only bone mineral density but also bone size, quality and bone turnover. However, determining the genetic architecture, and in particular the basic genomic and molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis in vivo in humans, is still challenging. In recent years, we have seen progress in research into the genetic background of osteoporosis in connection with the development of modern methods of molecular biology. Scientific research focuses primarily on the identification and characterization...

Posledné zbohom vedcovi, lekárovi, filantropovi a priateľovi prof. Vladyslavovi Povoznyukovi

Resch Heinrich, Payer Juraj

Clin Osteol 2021; 26(2): 66-67

Výber z najnovších vedeckých informácií v osteológii

Šteňová Emoke

Clin Osteol 2021; 26(2): 103-104