Clin Osteol 2023; 28(4): 118-124

Vliv toxických kovů na regeneraci kostíOriginal contributions

Korenkov Oleksii; Larina Kateryna
Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine

Úvod: V současné době může velmi často docházet k hojení zlomenin kostí v podmínkách nadměrného příjmu olova a kadmia, protože tyto prvky patří mezi deset nejčastějších znečišťujících látek v životním prostředí. Zároveň v odborné literatuře chybí práce věnované kombinovanému subchronickému účinku nadměrného množství olova a kadmia na strukturu přímých činitelů reparační osteogeneze -⁠ buněk regenerujících kost.

Cíl: Zjistit sub­chronický účinek nadměrného množství olova a kadmia na mikro -⁠ a ultrastrukturu buněk regenerujících kost. Mate­riál a metody: Pokus byl proveden na 24 bílých potkanech Wistar, kteří byli rozděleni do 2 skupin. Jedinci skupiny I konzumovali pitnou vodu standardní kvality a jedinci skupiny II dostávali po dobu 3 měsíců žaludeční sondou vodu se směsí dusičnanu olovnatého a chloridu kademnatého v dávce 87,74 mg/kg a 2,14 mg/kg. U všech jedinců byl 24 a 3 dny před koncem 3měsíčního experimentu ve střední části diafýzy tibie vytvořen otvor o průměru 1,5 mm zasahující až do dutiny dřeňové. Studium mikro -⁠ a ultrastruktury buněk kostní regenerace bylo provedeno pomocí skenovací a transmisní elektronové mikroskopie.

Výsledky: Bylo zjištěno, že v podmínkách subchronického příjmu nadměrného množství olova a kadmia byly v regenerovaných lymfocytech pozorovány velké perinukleární prostory a prosvětlení cytoplazmy, osteo­cyty regenerované kostní tkáně měly převážně krátké výběžky a v osteoblastech byly elektronově průhledné cisterny granulárního endoplazmatického retikula, invaginace jaderné membrány, oblast elektronické průhlednosti matrix a lýza krystaly mitochondrií.

Závěr: Subchronický příjem nadměrného množství olova a kadmia v organizmu vede k dystrofickým a destruktivním změnám buněčných elementů kostního regenerátu a zpomalení jejich zrání.

Published: December 11, 2023  Show citation

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Oleksii K, Larina K. Vliv toxických kovů na regeneraci kostí. Clinical Osteology. 2023;28(4):118-124.
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