Denosumab in the treatment of osteoporosis in patients after organ transplantationReview articles

J. Brunová, S. Kratochvílová, J. Štěpánková

Clin Osteol 2016; 21(4): 111-118

Introduction: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are some of the long-term complications in patients after successful organ transplantation. The role in the pathogenesis, which is complex and multifactorial, is played by bone loss in advanced organ failure and, in the post­ transplantation period, mainly by immunosuppressive therapy including steroids, secondary hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency. Apart from the administration of calcium and vitamin D, osteoporosis is mainly treated with bisphosphonates. Their use, however, is limited by the presence of impaired renal function which is relatively common in patients after organ transplantation....

Osteoporosis in patients with advanced kidney disease -what is the diagnosis and treatment?Review articles

L. Brunerová

Clin Osteol 2016; 21(4): 119-123

Increasing attention is being paid to bone disease in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Low bone mineral density was identified as an independent risk factor for fragility fractures which occur earlier and more frequently in this population than in people with normal renal function. Current trends in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in patients with severe chronic kidney disease are discussed.

Diagnosis and treatment of bone disease in multiple myeloma; I. Etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation and examination procedures in myeloma bone diseaseReview articles

V. Ščudla, J. Minařík, T. Pika, M. Heřman, M. Mysliveček

Clin Osteol 2016; 21(4): 124-135

The article summarizes current knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of myeloma bone disease (MBD), including the association between the myeloma process and concomitant changes in the bone marrow environment as well as bone resorption induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic formation. In addition to an outline of the clinical presentation, the place of MBD in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and stratification of multiple myeloma (MM) is discussed in the context of the updated International Myeloma Working Group diagnostic criteria. Considerable attention is paid to the role of conventional and specific benefit...

Tumor-induced hypophosphatemia with osteomalacia - a case reportCase reports

E. Lokočová, N. Cibiček, P. Horák, P. Flodrová, J. Zadražil

Clin Osteol 2016; 21(4): 136-141

Hypophosphatemia is a frequently overlooked laboratory finding as the signs are mostly non-specific. However, it causes considerable morbidity and may contribute to increased mortality of the affected patients. There are three main causes of hypophosphatemia: in­ creased renal secretion, decreased intestinal absorption or transfer of phosphates from the extra- to the intracellular space. Presented is a rare case of acquired hypophosphatemic osteomalacia in a 68-year-old female presenting with pains in the spine, ribcage, long bones and pelvis. Biochemistry tests showed marked hypophosphatemia (0.49 mmol/L) and an elevated level of the bone isoenzyme...

News from around the worldLiterature

Clin Osteol 2016; 21(4): 142-144